Cambridge-History-ajk*$1.09#
1,5117,5117,his,eng,20201009,20201232,3,J.B. Bury: The Cambridge Modern History Collection
ama,
eng,
7,2,TABLE OF CONTENTS 
15,1,Volume I:  The Renaissance 
16,2,PREFACE. 
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22,3,INTRODUCTORY NOTE, by Mandell Creighton 
30,2,CHAPTER I. THE AGE OF DISCOVERY, by Edward John Payne 
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70,2,CHAPTER II. THE NEW WORLD, by Edward John Payne 
75,w,Tlatohuani (“Speaker,” in the sense of “Commander” or Supreme Chief),
77,h,“New Spain.” What was of most importance in the eye of the European invaders, it possessed stores of the precious metals, which had been accumulating in the hands of dominant tribes for seven centuries. Immense quantities of treasure steadily poured henceforth into Spain; and America assumed an entirely new aspect for the nations of Western Europe.
80,h,Unlike the Nahuatlaca, the Peruvian people had no reckoning of years; nor can the date of any fact in Peruvian history anterior to the conquest be accurately ascertained.
80,w,Inca, or “people of the sun” (Inti).
80,h,huanaco and vicuña, two small cognate species of the camel genus, furnished abundant food and material for clothing. These they domesticated as the llama and paco, both being Quichua words
82,h,Both Peru and Mexico gradually assumed the resemblance of civilised life; and their prosperity testified to the benefits conferred on them by conquests which, however unjustifiable on abstract grounds, in both cases redeemed the populations affected by them from cruel and oppressive governments, and bloody and senseless religions.
82,h,Charles V and his son and successor in Spain, Philip II, had constituted themselves the champions of the Catholic Church; and they freely employed the gold of America in the pursuit of intrigues favourable to their policy in every European country.
83,d,Religion= is man’s earliest philosophy;
97,h,The Utopia, it will be seen, is no mere academic
98,p,Michel de Montaigne, a French advocate and country gentleman, who may be called the Plato of modern philosophical literature, was born in 1533, when Pizarro was overrunning Peru.
99,w,griffin=Old French (franceis, françois, romanz; Modern French: ancien français) was the language spoken in Northern France from the 8th century to the 14th century. In the 14th century, these dialects came to be collectively known as the langue d'oïl, contrasting with the langue d'oc or Occitan language in the south of France. The mid-14th century is taken as the transitional period to Middle French, the language of the French Renaissance, specifically based on the dialect of the Île-de-France region.
99,h,In the Tupi-Guarani of Brazil, as described by one who had known them long and intimately, he recognised nothing of the character associated with the words “barbarous” and “savage.” They were rather a people permanently enjoying the fabled Golden Age of ancient poetry; strangers to the toils, diseases, social inequalities, vices, and trickeries which chiefly made up civilised life; dwelling together in vast common houses, though the institutions of the family were strictly preserved, and enjoying enjoying with little or no labour, and no fears for the future, all the reasonable commodities and advantages of human life, while knowing nothing of its superfluities; refined in their taste for poetry, specimens of which were recited to him by his domestic informant, and which appeared to him Anacreontic in their grace and beauty: and employed chiefly in the chase, the universal pleasure of the human race, even in the highest state of refinement.
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110,2,CHAPTER III. THE OTTOMAN CONQUEST, by J.B. Bury
113,i,reducing the Ottoman fortress of Widdin to ashes.
114,w,vowed=vannoi
117,w,instigation=yllyttäminen
119,h,first Slavonic printing press, from which the earliest books in Cyrillic character were issued (1493).
137,w,innocuous=vaaraton
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160,2,CHAPTER IV. ITALY AND HER INVADERS, by Stanley Leathes 
215,2,CHAPTER V. FLORENCE (I): SAVONAROLA, by Edward Armstrong 
278,2,CHAPTER VI. FLORENCE (II): MACHIAVELLI, by Laurence Burd 
317,2,CHAPTER VII. ROME AND THE TEMPORAL POWER, by Richard Garnett 
363,2,CHAPTER VIII. VENICE, by Horatio Brown
411,2,CHAPTER IX. GERMANY AND THE EMPIRE, by T.F. Tout 
466,2,CHAPTER X. HUNGARY AND THE SLAVONIC KINGDOMS, by Emil Reich 
490,2,CHAPTER XI. THE CATHOLIC KINGS, by Henry Clarke 
540,2,CHAPTER XII. FRANCE, by Stanley Leathes 
584,2,CHAPTER XIII. THE NETHERLANDS, by Adolphus Ward 
645,2,CHAPTER XIV. THE EARLY TUDORS, by James Gairdner 
685,2,CHAPTER XV. ECONOMIC CHANGE, by William Cunningham 
737,2,CHAPTER XVI. THE CLASSICAL RENAISSANCE, by Richard Jebb 
808,2,CHAPTER XVII. THE CHRISTIAN RENAISSANCE, by M.R. James 
856,2,CHAPTER XVIII. CATHOLIC EUROPE, by William Barry 
900,2,CHAPTER XIX. THE EVE OF THE REFORMATION, by Henry Lea 
953,1,Volume II:  The Reformation, the End of the Middle Ages 
PREFACE. 
CHAPTER I. MEDICEAN ROME., by Franz Kraus 
CHAPTER II. - HABSBURG AND VALOIS (I), by Stanley Leathes 
CHAPTER III. - HABSBURG AND VALOIS (II), by Stanley Leathes 
CHAPTER IV - LUTHER, by Thomas Lindsay 
CHAPTER V - NATIONAL OPPOSITION TO ROME IN GERMANY, by Albert Pollard 
CHAPTER VI. - SOCIAL REVOLUTION AND CATHOLIC REACTION IN GERMANY, by Albert Pollard 
CHAPTER VII. - THE CONFLICT OF CREEDS AND PARTIES IN GERMANY, by Albert Pollard 
CHAPTER VIII - RELIGIOUS WAR IN GERMANY, by Albert Pollard 
CHAPTER IX - THE REFORMATION IN FRANCE, by Arthur Tilley
CHAPTER X - THE HELVETIC REFORMATION, by James Whitney 
CHAPTER XI - CALVIN AND THE REFORMED CHURCH, by Andrew Fairbairn 
CHAPTER XII - THE CATHOLIC SOUTH, by William Collins 
CHAPTER XIII - HENRY VIII, by James Gairdner 
CHAPTER XIV - THE REFORMATION UNDER EDWARD VI, by Albert Pollard
CHAPTER XV - PHILIP AND MARY, by James Mullinger 
CHAPTER XVI - THE ANGLICAN SETTLEMENT AND THE SCOTTISH REFORMATION, by F.W. Maitland 
CHAPTER XVII - THE SCANDINAVIAN NORTH, by William Collins 
CHAPTER XVIII - THE CHURCH AND REFORM, by Reginald Laurence 
CHAPTER XIX - TENDENCIES OF EUROPEAN THOUGHT IN THE AGE OF THE REFORMATION, by Andrew Fairbairn
,1,Volume III  The Wars of Religion 
CHAPTER I. THE WARS OF RELIGION IN FRANCE, by Arthur Butler 
CHAPTER II. FRENCH HUMANISM AND MONTAIGNE, by Arthur Tilley 
CHAPTER III. THE CATHOLIC REACTION, AND THE VALOIS AND BÄTHORY ELECTIONS, IN POLAND, by Robert Nisbet Bain 
CHAPTER IV. THE HEIGHT OF THE OTTOMAN POWER, by Moritz Brosch
CHAPTER V. THE EMPIRE UNDER FERDINAND I AND MAXIMILIAN II, by Adolphus Ward 
CHAPTER VI. THE REVOLT OF THE NETHERLANDS, by George Edmundson 
CHAPTER VII. WILLIAM THE SILENT, by George Edmundson 
CHAPTER VIII. MARY STEWART, by Thomas Law 
CHAPTER IX. THE ELIZABETHAN NAVAL WAR WITH SPAIN, by John Laughton
CHAPTER X. THE LAST YEARS OF ELIZABETH, by Sidney Lee 
CHAPTER XI. THE ELIZABETHAN AGE OF ENGLISH LITERATURE, by Sidney Lee 
CHAPTER XII. TUSCANY AND SAVOY, by Edward Armstrong 
CHAPTER XIII. ROME UNDER SIXTUS V, by Ugo Balzani 
CHAPTER XIV. THE END OF THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE, by Arthur Butler
CHAPTER XV. SPAIN UNDER PHILIP II, by Martin Hume 
CHAPTER XVI. SPAIN UNDER PHILIP III, by Martin Hume 
CHAPTER XVII. BRITAIN UNDER JAMES I, by Samuel Gairdner 
CHAPTER XVIII. IRELAND, TO THE SETTLEMENT OF ULSTER, by Robert Dunlop 
CHAPTER XIX. THE DUTCH REPUBLIC, by George Edmundson
CHAPTER XX. HENRY IV OF FRANCE, by Stanley Leathes 
CHAPTER XXI. THE EMPIRE UNDER RUDOLF II, by Adolphus Ward 
CHAPTER XXII. POLITICAL THOUGHT IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY, by John Neville Figgis 
,1,Volume IV:  The 30 Years’ War 
CHAPTER I. THE OUTBREAK OF THE THIRTY YEARS’ WAR, by Adolphus Ward
CHAPTER II. THE VALTELLINE (1603-39), by Horatio Brown 
CHAPTER III. THE PROTESTANT COLLAPSE. (1620-30.) I. THE BOHEMIAN AND THE PALATINATE WAR. (1620-3.), by Adolphus Ward 
CHAPTER IV. RICHELIEU, by Stanley Leathes 
CHAPTER V. THE VASA IN SWEDEN AND POLAND. (1560-1630.), by W.F. Reddaway 
CHAPTER VI. GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS. (1630-2.), by Adolphus Ward
CHAPTER VII. WALLENSTEIN AND BERNARD OF WEIMAR. 1. WALLENSTEIN’S END. (1632-4.), by Adolphus Ward 
CHAPTER VIII. THE CONSTITUTIONAL STRUGGLE IN ENGLAND. (1625-40.), by George Prothero 
CHAPTER IX. THE FIRST TWO YEARS OF THE LONG PARLIAMENT. (1640-2.), by George Prothero 
CHAPTER X. THE FIRST CIVIL WAR, 1642-7, by George Prothero 
CHAPTER XI. PRESBYTERIANS AND INDEPENDENTS. (1645-9.), by George Prothero 
CHAPTER XII. THE WESTMINSTER ASSEMBLY, by William Shaw 
CHAPTER XIII. THE LATER YEARS OF THE THIRTY YEARS’ WAR. (1635-48.), by Adolphus Ward 
CHAPTER XIV. THE PEACE OF WESTPHALIA, by Adolphus Ward 
CHAPTER XV. THE COMMONWEALTH AND THE PROTECTORATE. (1649-59.), by William Shaw
CHAPTER XVI. THE NAVY OF THE COMMONWEALTH AND THE FIRST DUTCH WAR, by Joseph Tanner 
CHAPTER XVIII. IRELAND. FROM THE PLANTATION OF ULSTER TO THE CROMWELLIAN SETTLEMENT. (1611-59.), by Robert Dunlop CHAPTER XIX. ANARCHY AND THE RESTORATION. (1659-60.), by Charles Firth 
CHAPTER XX. THE SCANDINAVIAN NORTH. (1559-1660.), by William Reddaway 
CHAPTER XXI. MAZARIN, by Stanley Leathes
CHAPTER XXII. SPAIN AND SPANISH ITALY UNDER PHILIP III AND IV, by Martin Hume 
CHAPTER XXIII. PAPAL POLICY, 1590-1648, by Mortiz Brosch 
CHAPTER XXIV. FREDERICK HENRY, PRINCE OF ORANGE, by George Edmundson 
CHAPTER XXV. THE FANTASTIC SCHOOL OF ENGLISH POETRY, by Arthur Clutton-Brock 
,1,Volume V:  The Age of Louis XIV
CHAPTER I. THE GOVERNMENT OF LOUIS XIV. (1661-1715.), by Arthur Grant 
CHAPTER II. THE FOREIGN POLICY OF LOUIS XIV. (1661-97.), by Arthur Hassall 
CHAPTER III. FRENCH SEVENTEENTH CENTURY LITERATURE AND ITS EUROPEAN INFLUENCE, by Emile Faguet 
CHAPTER IV. THE GALLICAN CHURCH, by Stafford Northcote 
CHAPTER V. THE STEWART RESTORATION, by Charles Firth 
CHAPTER VI. THE LITERATURE OF THE ENGLISH RESTORATION, INCLUDING MILTON, by Harold Child 
CHAPTER VII. THE ADMINISTRATIONS OF JOHN DE WITT AND WILLIAM OF ORANGE. (1651-88.), by George Edmundson 
CHAPTER VIII. THE ANGLO-DUTCH WARS. (1) NAVAL ADMINISTRATION UNDER CHARLES II AND JAMES II, by Joseph Tanner CHAPTER IX. THE POLICY OF CHARLES II AND JAMES
II. (1667-87.), by John Pollock 
CHAPTER X. THE REVOLUTION AND THE REVOLUTION SETTLEMENT IN GREAT BRITAIN, by Harold Temperley, Peter Brown, and Robert Dunlop 
CHAPTER XI. RELIGIOUS TOLERATION IN ENGLAND, by Henry Gwatkin 
CHAPTER XII. AUSTRIA, POLAND, AND TURKEY, by Richard Lodge 
CHAPTER XIII. THE TREATIES OF PARTITION AND THE SPANISH SUCCESSION, by Wolfgang Michael
CHAPTER XV. PARTY GOVERNMENT UNDER QUEEN ANNE, by Harold Temperley C
HAPTER XVI. RUSSIA. (1462-1682.), by J.B. Bury 
CHAPTER XVII. PETER THE GREAT AND HIS PUPILS. (1689-1730.), by Robert Nisbet Bain 
CHAPTER XVIII. THE SCANDINAVIAN KINGDOMS, by William Reddaway 
CHAPTER XIX. CHARLES XII AND THE GREAT NORTHERN WAR, by Robert Nisbet Bain
CHAPTER XX. THE ORIGINS OF THE KINGDOM OP PRUSSIA, by Adolphus Ward 
CHAPTER XXI. THE GREAT ELECTOR AND THE FIRST PRUSSIAN KING, by Adolphus Ward 
CHAPTER XXII. THE COLONIES AND INDIA, by Ernest Benians 
CHAPTER XXIII. EUROPEAN SCIENCE IN THE SEVENTEENTH AND EARLIER YEARS OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURIES, by Walter Ball and Michael Foster
CHAPTER XXIV. LATITUDINARIANISM AND PIETISM, by Moritz Kaufmann

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The Cambridge Modern History Collection (p. 1). Blackmore Dennett. Kindle Edition. 
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Kafka, Franz. La metamorfosis (Translated) (Spanish Edition). 519 editores. Kindle Edition.